Resumo
Objetivo – Examinamos a validade do tom de teleconferências como indicador de otimismo gerencial e sua relação com o desempenho em fusões e aquisições.
Referencial Teórico – A Teoria dos Escalões Superiores, a racionalidade limitada e o pensamento sistêmico relacionam interpretação dos executivos, atenção seletiva e feedback da implementação.
Metodologia – O desenho sequencial explanatório combina 264 observações empresa-ano de 23 companhias brasileiras, System GMM (230 observações, 22 empresas), verificações de sensibilidade e quatro casos. Ambas as autoras revisaram individualmente classificações assistidas por IA de 1.000 unidades antes da comparação.
Resultados – O GMM principal não sustenta as hipóteses. Associações positivas com ROA em especificações alternativas não estabelecem moderação pós-conclusão. Os diagnósticos de ROE são mais frágeis. Os casos mostram como expectativas são fundamentadas, qualificadas e revistas durante a execução.
Implicações Práticas e Sociais da Pesquisa – A análise textual deve apoiar a triagem da comunicação, não diagnosticar executivos. Conselhos e investidores devem examinar marcos, riscos e ações corretivas.
Contribuições – A avaliação da validade do construto e as evidências qualitativas esclarecem a interpretação das expectativas gerenciais na execução de fusões e aquisições em um mercado emergente.
Referências
Aktas, N., De Bodt, E., Bollaert, H., & Roll, R. (2016). CEO narcissism and the takeover process: From private initiation to deal completion. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 51(1), 113–137. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022109016000065
Arellano, M., & Bond, S. (1991). Some tests of specification for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations. The Review of Economic Studies, 58(2), 277–297. https://doi.org/10.2307/2297968
Arellano, M., & Bover, O. (1995). Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models. Journal of Econometrics, 68(1), 29–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(94)01642-D
Black, B. S., de Carvalho, A. G., & Gorga, E. (2012). What matters and for which firms for corporate governance in emerging markets? Evidence from Brazil (and other BRIK countries). Journal of Corporate Finance, 18(4), 934–952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2011.10.001
Blundell, R., & Bond, S. (1998). Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models. Journal of Econometrics, 87(1), 115–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4076(98)00009-8
Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Segerstrom, S. C. (2010). Optimism. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(7), 879–889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2010.01.006
Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). Sage.
Davis, A. K., Ge, W., Matsumoto, D., & Zhang, J. L. (2015). The effect of manager-specific optimism on the tone of earnings conference calls. Review of Accounting Studies, 20(2), 639–673. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-014-9309-4
Druz, M., Petzev, I., Wagner, A. F., & Zeckhauser, R. J. (2020). When managers change their tone, analysts and investors change their tune. Financial Analysts Journal, 76(2), 47–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/0015198X.2019.1707592
Elias, A. A. (2019). Strategy development through stakeholder involvement: A New Zealand study. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 20(4), 313–322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40171-019-00217-6
Fetters, M. D., Curry, L. A., & Creswell, J. W. (2013). Achieving integration in mixed methods designs—principles and practices. Health Services Research, 48(6 Pt 2), 2134–2156. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.12117
Filassi, M., Oliveira, A. L. R. de, Elias, A. A., & Marsola, K. B. (2022). Analyzing complexities in the Brazilian soybean supply chain: A systems thinking and modeling approach. RAUSP Management Journal, 57(3), 280–297. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAUSP-03-2021-0053
Guetterman, T. C., Fetters, M. D., & Creswell, J. W. (2015). Integrating quantitative and qualitative results in health science mixed methods research through joint displays. The Annals of Family Medicine, 13(6), 554–561. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1865
Hambrick, D. C. (2007). Upper echelons theory: An update. Academy of Management Review, 32(2), 334–343. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2007.24345254
Hambrick, D. C., & Mason, P. A. (1984). Upper echelons: The organization as a reflection of its top managers. Academy of Management Review, 9(2), 193–206. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1984.4277628
Hayward, M. L. A., & Hambrick, D. C. (1997). Explaining the premiums paid for large acquisitions: Evidence of CEO hubris. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(1), 103–127. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393810
He, X., & Zhang, J. (2018). Emerging market MNCs' cross-border acquisition completion: Institutional image and strategies. Journal of Business Research, 93, 139–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.04.014
Henry, E., & Leone, A. J. (2016). Measuring qualitative information in capital markets research: Comparison of alternative methodologies to measure disclosure tone. The Accounting Review, 91(1), 153–178. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-51161
Hilary, G., Hsu, C., Segal, B., & Wang, R. (2016). The bright side of managerial over-optimism. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 62(1), 46–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2016.04.001
Hsieh, H.-F., & Shannon, S. E. (2005). Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qualitative Health Research, 15(9), 1277–1288. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732305276687
Langley, A. (1999). Strategies for theorizing from process data. Academy of Management Review, 24(4), 691–710. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1999.2553248
Lebedev, S., Peng, M. W., Xie, E., & Stevens, C. E. (2015). Mergers and acquisitions in and out of emerging economies. Journal of World Business, 50(4), 651–662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2014.09.003
Loughran, T., & McDonald, B. (2011). When is a liability not a liability? Textual analysis, dictionaries, and 10-Ks. The Journal of Finance, 66(1), 35–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2010.01625.x
Loughran, T., & McDonald, B. (2016). Textual analysis in accounting and finance: A survey. Journal of Accounting Research, 54(4), 1187–1230. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-679X.12123
Malmendier, U., & Tate, G. (2008). Who makes acquisitions? CEO overconfidence and the market's reaction. Journal of Financial Economics, 89(1), 20–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2007.07.002
Morgan, D. L. (2007). Paradigms lost and pragmatism regained: Methodological implications of combining qualitative and quantitative methods. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(1), 48–76. https://doi.org/10.1177/2345678906292462
Nogueira, N. V., & Kabbach de Castro, L. R. (2020). Effects of ownership structure on the mergers and acquisitions decisions in Brazilian firms. RAUSP Management Journal, 55(2), 227–245. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAUSP-11-2018-0124
Ocasio, W. (1997). Towards an attention-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 18(S1), 187–206. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199707)18:1+%3C187::AID-SMJ936%3E3.0.CO;2-K
Puri, M., & Robinson, D. T. (2007). Optimism and economic choice. Journal of Financial Economics, 86(1), 71–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2006.09.003
Renneboog, L., & Vansteenkiste, C. (2019). Failure and success in mergers and acquisitions. Journal of Corporate Finance, 58, 650–699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2019.07.010
Roll, R. (1986). The hubris hypothesis of corporate takeovers. The Journal of Business, 59(2), 197–216. https://doi.org/10.1086/296325
Roodman, D. (2009). How to do xtabond2: An introduction to difference and system GMM in Stata. The Stata Journal, 9(1), 86–136. https://doi.org/10.1177/1536867X0900900106
Schweizer, L., Wang, L., Koscher, E., & Michaelis, B. (2022). Experiential learning, M&A performance, and post-acquisition integration strategy: A meta-analysis. Long Range Planning, 55(6), Article 102212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2022.102212
Senge, P. M. (1990). The fifth discipline: The art and practice of the learning organization. Doubleday/Currency.
Simon, H. A. (1979). Rational decision making in business organizations. The American Economic Review, 69(4), 493–513.
Steigenberger, N. (2017). The challenge of integration: A review of the M&A integration literature. International Journal of Management Reviews, 19(4), 408–431. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12099
Tracy, S. J. (2010). Qualitative quality: Eight "big-tent" criteria for excellent qualitative research. Qualitative Inquiry, 16(10), 837–851. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800410383121
Em caso de aprovação do artigo para publicação, os direitos de copyright são cedidos pelo(s) autor(es) à Revista Brasileira de Gestão de Negócios – RBGN.
Nestes termos, é OBRIGATÓRIO que os autores enviem para RBGN o formulário de Cessão de Direitos Autorias devidamente preenchido e assinado. Conforme o modelo: [Direitosautorais]
As condições da Cessão de Direitos Autorais indicam que a Revista Brasileira de Gestão de Negócios – RBGN possui a título gratuito e em caráter definitivo os direitos autorais patrimoniais dos artigos por ela publicados. Não obstante a Cessão dos Direitos Autorais, a RBGN faculta aos autores o uso desses direitos sem restrições.
Os textos publicados na RBGN são de inteira responsabilidade de seus autores.
A revista adota o padrão de licença CC-BY Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 permitindo redistribuição e reutilização dos artigos sob a condição de que a autoria seja devidamente creditada.

